In 1964 David Merrill and Roger Reid discovered patterns of behaviors were consistent

They created a model that could predict selling and management. 

Most assessments are based on this model:  Meyers Briggs, Predictive Index and DISC

They identified two scales:

Assertiveness and Responsiveness
This results in a model with four quadrants :
Analytical, Driving, Amiable, Expressive

This is simply Observable Behavior.  It is not a personality profile.